The volume brings social and cultural issues to the fore that are especially important for, but not exclusive to the Brazilian context. How to deal with cultural, ethnic, and religious diversity? What is the role of Religious Education in public schools? Is there convergence between human rights, religion and theology? In what way have churches and social movements contributed toward the res publica? The authors discuss these issues in dialogue with the concept of public theology, evaluating its pertinence and shaping its meaning in a Latin American perspective.